رویکرد طراحی تولید هالیوود به جهان عرب بر اساس الگوی همجوشی JDL مطالعه موردی فیلم دزد بغداد (1940)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده هنرهای نمایشی و موسیقی پردیس هنرهای زیبا دانشگاه تهران

10.22059/jfadram.2024.372629.615851

چکیده

هالیوود در بسیاری از موارد تلاش کرده است، در کنار فیلم‌های به ظاهر سرگرم‌کننده‌اش، از رویکردهای سیاسی و اجتماعی متعددی بهره‌برداری کند. رویکردهایی که غالبا با تحولات سیاسی و اجتماعی روز همراه بوده و غالبا تضمین کننده اهداف کلان سیاسی آمریکا یا متحدانش بوده است.

هالیوود به‌منظور دستیابی به اهداف یاد شده، معمولا از ترکیب سبک‌ها، ایده‌ها و رویکردها استفاده می‌کند. بدین‌ترتیب راه را بر برداشت‌های صریح و مستقیم بسته و بر تاثیر بر ناخودآگاه مخاطب تکیه می‌کند. در ارزیابی و تحلیل این‌گونه آثار نمی‌توان از روش‌های معمول تحلیل بهره برد. بلکه باید از همان روش ساخت اثر – یعنی هم‌جوشی – استفاده کرد. هم‌جوشی یکی از شیوه-های نوظهور تحلیل داده‌ها است که ابتدا در علوم نظامی شکل گرفت و امروزه علاوه بر ورود به سایر عرصه‌های علمی، وارد علوم انسانی و هنر نیز شده است.

در نوشتار حاضر، تلاش شده است تا ضمن معرفی الگوی هم‌جوشی JDL، طراحی تولید فیلم دزد بغداد به‌واسطه همین الگو مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته و رویکرد هالیوود نسبت به جهان عربی اسلامی تبیین و تشریح شود. این شیوه تحلیلی بر رویکرد سیاسی فیلم تاکید کرده و به رمزگشایی آن می‌پردازد. در نگارش این مقاله علمی بنیادین از منابع کتابخانه‌ای، عکاسی از صحنه‌های فیلم و تحلیل آن استفاده شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Hollywood Production Design Approach to the Arab World, Based on the JDL Fusion Model A Case Study of The Thief of Bagdad (1940)

نویسنده [English]

  • Payam Foroutan Yekta
چکیده [English]

Hollywood has always proven to use a variety of political and social approaches in the production of its various works, in addition to its seemingly entertaining films. Approaches that are often accompanied by current political and social developments and guarantee the grand political goals of the United States or its allies (west world). These include movies made about the old Arab world. Movies that seemingly deal with stories such as One Thousand and One Nights and have a fun, fantasy, amazing and dreamy atmosphere. However, such works, despite their deceptive appearance, can have purely social and political subtexts.

For example, the Hollywood movie Arab Nights, directed by Rawlins in 1942, depicts Arab cultures based on Hollywood whims and desires. By showing lust, irrationality, eroticism, sexuality and misogyny of the Arabs, Hollywood is marching against the culture of these people. In the meantime, despite the fact that One Thousand and One Nights is about different Eastern cultures such as Indian, Iranian, Chinese and Mongolian. However, it is the Muslim Arabs who should be the focus of Hollywood's political and social concerns. Consider the number of anti-Arab films made in the 1940s - the time of the formation of Israel.

The Hollywood studio system usually uses a combination of different styles, ideas and approaches in order to achieve these goals. Thus, by layering the work, it closes the way to explicit, clear and direct perceptions and relies on the effect on the audience's subconscious. It seems that in evaluating and analyzing such works, the usual and one-way methods of analysis and evaluation cannot be used. Rather, the same method of making the work - that is, fusion - should be used. Fusion is one of the emerging methods of data analysis that first developed in the US military science. Today, data fusion programs cover a wide range. Including: Maintenance engineering, robotics, pattern detection and radar tracking, mine detection and other military applications, remote sensing, traffic control, aerospace systems, law enforcement, medicine, finance, measurement and earth science knowing. In addition, fusion into other fields of science has entered the humanities and arts - both in the field of analysis and evaluation and in the production of content and artwork. To the extent that even the style of fusion has become one of the common and popular styles of music and in the field of visual arts has created a clear and defined style.

In the present article, an attempt is made to introduce the JDL fusion model, the film The Thief of Bagdad - as one of the flagships of the anti-Arab and anti-Islam approach - to be evaluated by this model and to explain Hollywood's approach to the Islamic Arab world. The movie was made in 1940, at the beginning of World War II and the attempt to form the Zionist regime, by a group of Jewish Hollywood filmmakers such as screen writer, Director, producer and production designer. In writing this basic scientific article, library resources and film analysis have been used.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hollywood
  • Fusion
  • JDL Model
  • Assessment
  • World of Islam
  • Production Design