نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشآموختۀ دکتری بخش زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شیراز، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The Poetic Concept of Embolima and Its Comparative Explanation in the Two Comedies of Aristophanes: The Frogs and Ecclesiazuse
Abstract (500 words)
Aristotle's Poetics is generally considered to be a mere report of tragedy, while, unlike the views of Western scholars, the surviving Poetics itself has chapters that are not limited to tragedy but also enter into other issues such as literary criticism and epic. Embolima was introduced by Aristotle himself in the Poetics, which is about the presence of the chorus. He believes that if the chorus simply sings, the poet has not been able to develop them well in terms of characterization, and on the contrary, when the chorus plays a role as one of the actors in the play, and this is more valuable because it is closer to action and not mere narration. One of the categories that has received less attention from researchers in the field of ancient Greece and is dealt with exclusively in this study is that in Chapter 18 of the Poetics, Aristotle considers the ideal form of using the choruses to be such that they can be considered one of the characters in the play, and while mentioning Sophocles, he prefers his method, which is in accordance with the ideal method, to the method of Euripides. This type of reading of the choruses' actions, for which Euripides is famous, is today known as embolima among Western scholars. Nikolaidou-Arabatzi refers to this issue with the implication that the origin of this type of choruses' actions, which are considered outside the characters of the play, goes back more to poets such as Agathon, and the reason for this name also goes back to the geographical area of embolima in ancient Greece. On the other hand, in recent research, the belief has been created that Sophocles reduced the importance of the chorus. The reason for this understanding of the Poetics by scholars is that Sophocles' use of a third actor means reducing the role of the chorus, while in Sophocles' method, increasing the number of actors does not mean reducing the importance of the role of the chorus. Incidentally, while increasing the number of actors to three, he also made the chorus not simply an interpreter of the poet's thought but a fourth role. However, what is happening in the world of tragic plays has never caused the complete poetic components to necessarily be monopolized by tragedy. It should be noted that even this amount that has been saved and remains from the Poetics to this day does not necessarily deal with tragedy, but in many places Aristotle's words are interspersed between the types of poetry, and apart from these, there are even chapters where tragedy is not a principle, but is marginalized. It is true that the surviving Poetics is in fact a narrative of tragedy, but this should not be confused with the fact that nothing but tragedy can be found in the Poetics.
Keywords: Aristophanes, Aristotle, Ecclesiazuse, Embolima, Frogs, Poetics.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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