An Examination of the Structure of Imaginary According to Gilbert Durand in the Anime Naruto Shippuden

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D Candidate of Art Research, Department of Advanced Studies in Art, Faculty of Visual Arts, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Advanced Studies in Art, Faculty of Visual Arts, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

The anime Naruto Shippuden, which intricately blends mythological and modern elements, has garnered a significant fan base in Iran. This study seeks to delve into the imaginative and symbolic components of this anime using the analytical framework of Gilbert Durand. Durand’s approach to imagination is unique, as it is shaped by mythological and anthropological perspectives deeply inspired by the philosophies of prominent thinkers such as Henry Corbin, Gaston Bachelard, and Carl Jung. By engaging with these philosophies, Durand offers a profound understanding of how myth and symbolism influence the human psyche, especially within the realm of artistic and cultural expressions like Naruto Shippuden. This research aims not only to analyze these elements but also to offer conceptual guidance for the creation of similar domestic animations in Iran, which could resonate with local audiences while drawing upon cultural traditions. The study intends to explore how this anime transmits cultural motifs and archetypes that resonate with Iranian adolescents, influencing their understanding of heroism, sacrifice, and the struggle between good and evil. By examining these motifs, this research also aims to highlight how such narratives can shape the collective imagination and identity of young viewers. The study is qualitative in nature and applied in terms of its objective, focusing on imagination-related frameworks to interpret the anime’s content.
The research data are primarily gathered through library studies, involving a thorough review of relevant literature and the anime’s thematic elements. The research method employed is descriptive and analytical, enabling a deep exploration of the anime’s mythological and symbolic dimensions. Anime Naruto Shippuden is placed within what Durand refers to as the nocturnal order of the image, particularly due to its apocalyptic themes, Naruto’s role as a savior figure, the presence of a goddess-like entity, and the symbolic tree of life. These elements are indicative of the nocturnal imagery, where themes of death, rebirth, and salvation are dominant. However, the diurnal order of the image and symbols also emerges prominently in the anime, especially during its intense combat scenes. The battles are not just physical confrontations but symbolic struggles between opposing forces, embodying the conflict between light and darkness, life and death, as well as creation and destruction. These scenes feature symbolic representations that are crucial to understanding the narrative's deeper meanings. Of particular significance are the triadic roles of the victim, the reviver, and the avenger, that align with Durand’s theories of symbolic and spiral structures. Moreover, Naruto Shippuden draws heavily from various mythological sources, including Japanese myths like Izanami and Izanagi, as well as broader archetypal themes such as creation, the forbidden fruit, the tree of life, and the sage figures like Jiraiya, the Toad Sage. The anime also references the six paths of Buddha, reflecting its integration of both Eastern and Western mythological traditions, making it a rich text for symbolic analysis. Through this study, the researcher hopes to provide insights that can be applied to the creation of culturally resonant animations in Iran.

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References

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Journal of Fine Arts: Performing Arts & Music
Volume 31, Issue 2
May 2026
Pages 27-42

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